TurkStream

Overview

Russia to Turkey via Black Sea. ~930 km. Capacity ~31.5 bcm/yr (2 lines). Commissioned Jan 2020. Replaced cancelled South Stream project. One line serves Turkey, one transits to Southern/Southeastern Europe.

Geopolitical context

After the EU blocked South Stream (which would have landed in Bulgaria), Russia rerouted through Turkey — a NATO member that has consistently maintained an independent energy relationship with Moscow. Turkey positions itself as Europe's energy gateway, gaining leverage with both sides. The second line supplies Hungary, Serbia, and other SE European states, giving Russia continued market access that bypasses Ukraine. Turkey's role as a transit state strengthens Ankara's bargaining position with the EU on issues beyond energy.

Nearby

• Tupras Izmit Refinery Refinery · ~207 km
• Blue Stream Gas pipeline · ~208 km
• Southern Gas Corridor (SCP → TANAP → TAP) Gas pipeline · ~524 km
• Novorossiysk Port / transit hub · ~598 km
• Ceyhan Terminal Port / transit hub · ~654 km
• Tuapse refinery and oil terminal Refinery · ~667 km