Blue Stream

Overview

Russia (Beregovaya) to Turkey (Samsun) via Black Sea. ~1,213 km. Capacity ~16 bcm/yr. Commissioned 2005. One of the deepest subsea pipelines globally (~2,150m depth).

Geopolitical context

An early example of Russia's strategy to build direct bilateral pipelines, bypassing transit states. Deepened the Russia-Turkey energy relationship that Ankara maintains despite NATO membership and periodic diplomatic crises (including Turkey's 2015 shoot-down of a Russian jet). Turkey imports ~45% of its gas from Russia across Blue Stream and TurkStream combined. This dependency gives Moscow influence but also gives Ankara leverage — Turkey has consistently refused to join Western sanctions on Russian energy.

Nearby

• TurkStream Gas pipeline · ~208 km
• Tupras Izmit Refinery Refinery · ~402 km
• Novorossiysk Port / transit hub · ~422 km
• Tuapse refinery and oil terminal Refinery · ~473 km
• Southern Gas Corridor (SCP → TANAP → TAP) Gas pipeline · ~500 km
• Iran–Turkey Gas Pipeline (Tabriz–Ankara) Gas pipeline · ~577 km